When comparing swords from Albion (which are considered to produce the most historical accurate sword reproductions) to historical originals, I found that the historical originals are very often heavier and thicker than the modern reproductions.

It seems like most of the reproductions are much lighter, and also thinner than most historical medival swords have been.

I am no expert, and I havent handled a historical original yet, nore have I done a lot of research on the dimensions and weights of original swords...

But here and there I look at a Instagram post where someone has put up a photo of a medival sword and listed all the stats...or a watch a Youtube video about some sword reproduction, and the guy also mentions the historical original, on which the reproduction is based on.

And almost every time the historical original is heavier than the reproduction...

Also I recenly watched a video in which the german HEMA Club "Zornhau Historische Fechtkunst E.V" got the chance to measure and weigh a number of swords from a private collection in Germany, and they also listed some of those weights and measurements in the video.

https://youtu.be/CupEzAZ4UVk

(unfortunately I couldnt find the stats of all the swords, even though they promised to upload them on there website).

But even from those few mentioned stats, one could definitely see that a lot of the sword were heavier than one would expect a modern reproduction to be.

For example they scaled a Kriegsmesser, which weighed 2,4 Kilos or 5,3 pounds which is stupidly heavy for a sword...in comparison Albions The Knecht Kriegsmesser weighs 1,3 Kilos or 3 pounds...so about half the weight.

They also scaled a single-handed sword...looked to me like a Type XVIII, and it weighed in at 1,7 kilos or 3,7 pounds which would be considered heavy for a longsword...but for a single handed sword this is quite beefy for sure....

Again as a comparison the Albion Kingmaker weighs about 1,3 Kilos or 2,8 pounds and therefore is quite a bit lighter.


Is this just an illusion of mine, or is this it true that the reproductions are underweight and trimmed towards feeling great in the hand more than being historically accurate?

Is this maybe a result of swords being heavily corroded and the resulting weight loss not being calculated in the design of the reproduction?

This is mostly just a result of original swords having substantial variation, while Albion's pieces are intended to be 'typical' to their type. There are some original swords which are definitely super heavy, there are others which are very light - for example, there's a famous Alexandria type XIX in the Royal Armouries (IX.950) which weighs only 765g, nearly 300g less than the comparable Albion Condottiere. Just checking or handling a few originals doesn't tell you that much by itself.

The big problem is that I don't know of anyone who has published a decent-sized sample of intact late medieval swords with weights. Individual collections like the Wallace or the Met have just a few. So everyone speaks from their limited experience. Maciej K writes about a group of heavy longswords from Passau but I don't know who defined this group and published it.

I have heard that Viking Age swords weigh in the ballpark of 900-1800 g and that some are good for fencing with, others are massive cleavers. Most of them are so badly rusted that this comes down to judgement and what different people have been able to inspect in museums, but they had seen quite a bit of variation in weight and dynamics even though the blade shapes and lengths are similar.

Edit: the page where can I find measurements of late medieval swords? does what it says in the title.

There's huge variation, for example the same guys from Zornhau also meausered long hilt messer (certainly two handed grip included), at 955 grams.... Less than 40% of the weight of this beastly one.

https://www.zornhau.de/original-der-woche-8-original-of-the-week-8/


Yet another one, only 1020 grams.


https://www.zornhau.de/source/schwertexkursion/ZEF-4.pdf


So the one weighing over 5 pounds really is quite an unique one. Possibly made for some huge and very strong wielder?


If you look around museums, like Wallace Collection, Higgins armory, etc. then one notices that Albion weights seem typical. Other makers of higher end replicas make swords of the same dimensions too.

https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultListView/result.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleImageLink.link&sp=10&sp=Scollection&sp=SfieldValue&sp=0&sp=0&sp=2&sp=SdetailList&sp=84&sp=Sdetail&sp=0&sp=F&sp=T&sp=93

https://worcester.emuseum.com/objects/47903/sword?ctx=4105679a-af4b-4c2c-9652-6e556f6bbb05&idx=101

I think this could be because Albion & others probably use measurements from the most well balanced and nimble examples from history. If you are going to reproduce something then why not reproduce the best from the period, and modern consumers demand it. Perhaps this also due to the swing of the pendulum back from the idea that medieval swords were all unwieldy lumps of iron. Nowadays we may be overstating that medieval swords were all beautifully light and nimble. As you mentioned there are definitely examples that are heavier than some modern producers would want to make.

Be careful when looking at stats that there they are not Victorian reproductions since these can often be deceiving and are often heavier than they should be. Modern fakes on the antique market are also a potential source of bad data.

And a lot of museum catalog weights are simply wrong. I can't count the number of times that an item was weighed and discovered to be completely different to what was listed in the catalog. Don't believe any weight unless you contact a curator and get them to confirm it, or you have two independent sources that have the same weight.

I want to second what Dan said. I have seen pieces that have been in multiple publications with different weights, or blade length listed as an OAL, and so on. Heck, I'm pretty sure that Ian Pierce's Swords of the Viking Age has incorrect measurements. Even accounting for camera parallax, The ratios between some of his cross widths and blade widths and grip lengths are off. And that's a relatively well-cited work.

The other thing is that usage is a huge indicator of form, and incorrect usage leads to incorrect assumptions about form. What makes a heavier blade 'bad compared to a lighter 'good' blade? How quickly you can swish it? Some periods and places had swords that are cited in period literature as less than ideal, but they don't tell us why they were considered so. Most people want a POB close to the hand and pivot points near or at the tip, in order to 'fence properly,' but that doesn't always hold for non-European swords, which work just fine, or later sabers, or earlier swords from the bronze age past the roman iron age. Heck, even lots of rapiers have a pivot point behind the tip. I personally have really, really come to prefer quite blade-heavy swords for my fencing, and my school employs the Roland buckler-esque sword and shield fencing you can see online. I'm not saying I have that level of skill in any way, but I am saying you can use a chunky blade at speed and still use delicate and precise movements, if you use a system that compliments the weapon and let the weapon do the work (exploit specific characteristics for movements and positioning).

Some light swords are great. Some heavy swords are great. Preference plays a big roll, as does sample size and modern bias. A 5 lb kriegsmesser is less important than the person using it and understanding how to move that particular piece to their greatest advantage.

[quote="Markus Fischer"]

Bartek Strojek wrote:

Wow, where did you find these sword-data sheets on Zornhaus Website? I couldnt find them anywhere....

I think I clicked "Fachartikel", and kept on clicking "earlier articles" ("fruher"), till I found them.

I only was able to do so because I remembered that they've done quite a few of such amazing data sheets for few weapons.

Their website sadly seems like quite a mess even if you can read German easily. And they had different website too, from what I remember?

At risk of poking a hornet's nest, the first flaw in the assumptions is presuming that most (or any!) of the items Zornahu measured are originals.....