Posts: 1,462 Location: Laurel, MD, USA
Thu 08 Mar, 2012 7:46 am
Hoo, boy! Well, for starters, no, I do not think that helmet you show is a decent reproduction. Nice cheekpieces, but the brow reinforce is in the wrong place and just looks wrong. Too plain, too wide. The helmet bowl is badly shaped at the back, too straight and not enough flair at the bottom.
Next, as the caption you have on the Louvre Relief photo indicates, that sculpture depicts OFFICERS. I'm still not convinced that the Attic helmet was worn by *troops* in the Praetorian cohorts. It's part of the classic Hellenistic aristocratic officer's regalia. Also note that this relief has been HEAVILY restored in recent times--all 3 of the foreground heads are replacements (though obviously copied from the background), and the whole middle third of the left-hand man is a bad fill-in.
The Attic helmet is a bit of an enigma. Earlier in the Republic it was a very common style amongst Romans and other Italian warriors of any rank, and quite a few survive. By the time of the Empire, there are Attic features on a number of helmets, including the Italic A from Herculaneum, and several cavalry helmets. Sometimes you'll see the peaked browplate, sometimes just embossed lines in that shape on the skull. Sometimes you'll see the low, short neckguard. We do not often see such narrow and pointy cheekpieces, though the Italic A ones are similar, and the narrowness is often believed to be an artistic feature to avoid hiding the face. There are some originals on these pages:
http://www.legionsix.org/Equipment/Real%20Gea...ar%202.htm
http://www.romancoins.info/MilitaryEquipment-Helmet.html
But there are only a few surviving bits and pieces that *might* be from the Attic helmet of an Imperial officer, so we're left with interpreting artwork. By now you should have a pretty good idea in general of what happens when different people interpret the same artwork!
That said, I have seen a few reconstructions of Attic officers' helmets that I would consider "good", but since it's not a subject I have studied in any depth, I couldn't tell you which manufacturers or craftsmen produced them. Even with a really good custom armorer, a lot depends on what the customer wants! And if the customer is determined to have a "Praetorian" Attic helmet, well...
There is actually good evidence that Praetorians on duty in Rome wore tunics and togas, with swords underneath the toga! No armor or helmet at all. On campaign, naturally they had armor and helmets, but Trajan's Column shows them looking pretty much like regular legionaries.
Does that start to answer your questions? Vale,
Matthew