Lets not forget the Shilelagh also, a typical weapon throughout Europe in Medieval imagery (check my annex at the end of the article) and the only surviving martial art to date: http://www.freifechter.com/files/stick_edited.pdf

Also if one goes to Kilkenny, the St. Canice's cathedral is full of tombs with period gear on them. What is interesting is that all of them (for what I gathered) have "outdated" armor. That is they might have been perfectly suited for Ireland, a country which gave much distress to more heavily armored people (see Richard II). Some even date from the time of the Normans I think. Here are some:

http://www.askaboutireland.ie/aai-files/asset...hedral.jpg
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-...nice-s.jpg (this one is dated 1501 if I remember right, it is the one including a representation of a man armed with a shillelagh)
http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/images/Butler,Ri...(tomb).jpg
http://www.askaboutireland.ie/aai-files/asset...and-Ma.jpg
http://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/2262/25923/1/ertk1692.jpg
http://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/2262/26131/1/ertk1701.jpg

Here is a portrait of one of the Butler buried there, Thomas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Steven_van_...rmonde.jpg

Thanks, Max! And about the Shilelagh: IIRC, one early account of the Irish noted that men often carried short axes for personal defense. There's a medieval illustration of Irish men fighting with these, but I can't find a copy online. I've often wondered if the Shilelagh is descended from those weapons--a somewhat less belligerent and more practical arm.

As for darts/javelins/throwing spears (whatever term your prefer) I agree with Sean - they are a rather ancient weapon that definitely crops up in various accounts of battles in Ireland over a long long period of time, right on up to the 1600s. (Spears were also used for fishing in Ireland and Western Scotland). So I see no reason that it would be inappropriate for your early 14th c kit. However, I know of no actual citation of darts or javelins being used by the Western Scots in any of my books on Scottish Medieval Warfare nor in Mackay's book Warfare of the Scottish Highlands, nor in the accounts about Bannockburn or a bit later at Halidon Hill....... I could be wrong though....... TR

ps edit - having played around with both types of A&A javelins I don't know how effective such lightweight "darts" would be against anyone in mail. I doubt that even with an ammentum that you would get penetration against anyone wearing a mail hauberk. otoh, many of the Scots and Irish only wore textile armour (cotun/jacks) and on the legs, often there was nothing at all (redshanks). this is just a personal opinion of course. in hand in relatively close quarters they could still be used as a one handed lightweight spear to pierce certain types of armour or unprotected gaps in armour.

That's great stuff! I think I MUST have stumbled on your article once before....

Great to see you here Max. Here are some Irish Kern darts that I fashioned out of A&A javelins. The vanes are made of leather and are tied off with artificial sinew in the same fashion goose feathers were tied off with thread on medieval arrows. I have to say that since I put the vanes on the darts, they fly beautiflully.

http://www.myArmoury.com/talk/viewtopic.php?t...highlight=

Allen

Hi Allen, nice work!

Hi,
one question about the spears: could the "strap"/"weight"/ribbon/pompom after the head be just a kind of material wrapping used to prevent enemies' blood from dripping along the shaft and making the wood slippery?

Just another thought on the wire/cord wrapped shafts. Could the wrapping be there to secure a tanged head?

(My apologies if this has already been suggested but I couldn't seem to find anything on it in the thread)


Johan Schubert Moen

Appologies in advance for the thread zombification, but I thought it might be best to keep questions centralized instead of a new thread. If that was the wrong decision, let me know and I'll start a new one instead.

So, does anyone know where the drawing I've attached was published? The picture text says "JRHAA1873", but I'm not aware of any journal titled that. The RSAI was known as the Royal Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland in 1873, though, so maybe the JRSAI was called that at the time, but I looked through their catalogs for 1873 and didn't see anything about Felim's tomb or Roscommon Abbey.

I'd love to get my hands on the rest of whatever article that came out of, along with any other drawings. Have the carvings really degraded so much in 130 or so years? There's not anywhere near that level of detail currently visible.

Also, does anyone know if there have been any new studies done of the helmet from the Ulster Museum? The one that looks a bit like a barbute/bascinet hybrid? I know there have been rumors or discussions that it might be a fake, does anyone know?

Thanks!

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The Journal of the Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland originally founded as The Kilkenny Archaeological Society, University Press, Dublin, 1873. The confusion I think lies with the fact that several of the Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland Journals were re-printed by the RSAI and University Press a few years after their rather limited first printing. So several of the Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland Journals were re-printed all at the same time in 1873 if I recall correctly. You should be able to find it on Google books. The reason why I posted the Victorian period sketch of the tomb surround was that - as you stated - it shows details that are not obvious today. That was why I thought it was worth sharing. Whether that is because it was in a better state of preservation 150 years ago or whether it was artistic license - I don't know. tr

I haven't heard that the barbute found in County Down is fake. Would be interested to hear more about that.

Last month I had an argument with another member about ring hilted swords and had pulled out John Hunt's book to look it over again as I was interested in searching in the back of volume 2 where the tomb surrounds and other medieval architectural stone works are pictured. I noticed for the first time two particular scultured panels from circa 1470 illustrating the crucification where the Roman soldiers are depicted as contemporary galloglass with barbutes and sparths. I don't know why I had not noticed that before. The particular panel,along the edge of the Creagh tomb in the friary in Ennis, Clare, is contemporary with the carvings showing the knight with barbute at Jerpoint, and looks a lot like the barbute found in Lough Henney posted earlier.... the helms look a bit like a type of a basinet, but also a barbute with a nasal and a bit of a wrap around on the cheek plates and no attached mail aventail.



contrast those helms above with these below which were carved on the other side of the same tomb - these clearly show basinets with attached mail aventail

Here's a portrait of Hugh O'Neill circa 1570:

[ Linked Image ]

While I am at it tonight might as well scan and post this old postcard that I was just recently sent. It is a photo of Piers Butler and Margaret Fitzgerald at St Canice's (1539)- there are many pictures of this tomb but this is a nice one - appears to have been taken from a ladder looking down. postcard is postmarked 1978.

What is interesting is that Irish armour of the late 15th and early 16th centuries look, at least from these image in the above posts, very much " Old fashioned " and almost 14th century transitional armour.

The helms sort of related in appearance to bascinet/barbute and even close to a classic Norman nasal helm with or without the nasal. ( Hard to tell for sure if there is a nasal or it's just the way the nose is carved ? ).

Some admixture of later armour styles and brigantines and I assume some more " Anglicized " or rich Irish Knights might have owned armour closer to European Continental armour.

Fighting style(s) might also be an issue as I tend to think of maille based armours plus some plate in the transitional style have advantages in comfort and wearability for small scale fighting resembling unfriendly feuds between neighbours rather than large set battles: More flexibility in how much coverage in the sense that a lot of the plate can be left off if one want to maximize mobility or agility.

So, maybe it's because Ireland was more of a primitive backwater ( no offence meant ), poorer so that expensive kit might be rarer, old armour still being used until truly worn out, fighting styles and maybe just a conservative and pridefull attachment to the older forms of kit ?

[quote="Adam D. Kent-Isaac"]Here's a portrait of Hugh O'Neill circa 1570:

Adam, the O'Neill portrait you posted is not from 1570 but is from a Victorian rendition of an earlier woodcut and has been questioned as to accuracy. for reference, see the post by Mr. Millman in this thread:

http://www.myArmoury.com/talk/viewtopic.php?t...light=hugh