Konstantin,
The proof mark (brass proof slug in most cases) does not necessarily mean that a sword has been tested, although it can. The dress sword may have been subjected to a bend test, but I doubt it was subjected to any type of striking test. Proof slugs on Victorian era swords, like the name of Andrea Ferara on 17th and 18th century swords, became associated with quality and were used for marketing.
The blade does have a superficial resemblance to the blades found on cavalry swords. One of the biggest differences being that this officer's sword has a traditional tang, whereas the P1853 Cavalry Trooper's Sword has Reeve's Patent Solid Tang (essentially a sandwiched tang construction, not dissimilar from a messer hilt) with chequered leather scales.
Shayan,
I am not sure about the origins of the six pointed star used on many British military swords. The owner of Arms2Armor presents a few theories
on his website. Some of the information to which the article links is controversial and very off-topic to this forum.
I, too, prefer the service sword to the dress sword. Its proportions are more pleasing to me, and the larger surface area allows for more and higher quality decoration. The more robust brass hilt has also survived quite well compared to the delicate hilt on the dress sword.
Thanks for reading and responding!
Jonathan